Two Stroke Diesel Engine

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Two Stroke Diesel Engine

Two Stroke Engine is an internal combustion engine. this is the similar in mechanically properties as like four stroke, but more complex in thermodynamic and aerodynamic processes. In a two stroke engine cycle , the four cycle of internal combustion engine theory occur in one revolution , 360 mechanical degree, where as a four stroke engine complete its two revolution , it means 720 of mechanical degree.

A two stroke diesel engine is a diesel engine that works in two stocks. In 1899, it was invented by Hugo Guldner.
In diesel engine compression ignition process are used. In compression ignition is a process in which the fuel is injected after the air is compressed in the combustion chamber, thereby causing the fuel to self ignited. by constant ,gasoline engine utilized the Otto cycle in which fuel and air are mixed before entering the combustion chamber and then ignited by a spark plug.

Application :

They are lighter in weight and it can also produce a higher power to weight ratio.
Two stroke petrol engine are useful application such as -
Chainsaws
weedeaters
Outboards
lownmowers and in motorcycles etc.

History

 The first operational diesel engine is designed by Imanuel Lauster. In this design of two stroke diesel never intended using the two stroke engine principle of the diesel engine. It is believed ,the Hugo Guldner invented the first two stroke diesel engine.

Hugo designed the first operational two stroke diesel engine in 1899, and he convinced MAN,Krupp and Diesel the founded building the engine with  M 10,000. Guldner's engine had a 175 mm work cylinder , and a 185 mm scavenging cylinder and both had a stroke of 210 mm.  The indicated power output was 2826 W. In February 1900, this engine run under the own power for the first time.

MAN Nurnberg offered single acting piston two stroke diesel engine in 1908 for marine use. the first double acting engine was made in 1912 by MAN Nurnberg for electric power plant. MAN Nurnberg build the first double acting two stroke diesel engine for marine use in 1913/1914 with the help of Blohm and Voss in Hamburg.

Two Stroke Diesel Engine Components




Fuel Injector
It is a part of engine fuel delivery system that receives and sprays gasoline and diesel into the engine in the form of a high pressure mist. Fuel injector are controlled by engine computer to optimize the amount the fuel as well as the timing of fuel injection.

Cylinder 
It is a cylindrical vessel in which the piston reciprocates. The cylinder made of cast iron or alloy steel.

Piston
It is also a element of of stroke, it is inside the cylinder. Gasses hot air exert pressure on it.

Connecting rod 
Connecting rod connected the piston and the crank shaft, and transmit forces from piston to the crank shaft.

Crank shaft 
crankshaft converted reciprocating motion of the piston in to useful rotary motion of the output shaft. It is enclosed the crank case.

Inlet and Exhaust Port.
Inlet port is used to fill the fresh air and the exhaust port used to discharge the the product of combustion from the cylinder.


Working

The two stroke cycle is completed in two stroke of the piston or one revolution of the crank shaft . In order to operate of this cycle where each event is accomplished in a very short time, the engine requirements of the no of special arrangements. 
First the fresh air must be forced in under pressure. the incoming air is used to clean out of scavenge the exhaust gasses and then to fill to charge or charge the space with fresh air. Instead of valve hole, known as 'port' are used which air opens and closed by the sides of the piston as it moves.



  • Intake begins when the piston near the bottom dead center (B.D.C.) .Air is admitted to the cylinder through the port in the cylinder wall. All two stroke diesel engine required artificial aspiration to operate, and will either use a mechanically driven blower or a turbo compressor to charge the cylinder with air. In the early face of intake the air charge is also used to force out to any remaining combustion gasses from the preceding power stroke, a process referred to as scavenging.


  • As the piston rises, the intake charge of the air is compressed .near top dead center ,fuel is injected , resulting in combustion due to the charge extremely high pressure and heat created by compression , which drive the piston to downword in the cylinder. It will reach at a point where the exhaust port is open to expel the high pressure combustion gasses. However , must current two stroke diesel engine is use top mounted poppet valves and inflow scavenging. Continued downword movement of the piston will expose the air intake port in the cylinder wall, and the cycle will start again.













To know about 2-stroke petrol engine click the bellow links.

What is Two stroke petrol engine? And how it works?



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